Elements of resistance among parents

Mempunyai tanggapan sekolah tidak memerlukan atau menghargai sumbangan mereka

Perceived their involvement as not wanted or valued.

Parents have other responsibilities and while they care for their children wanted to be sure that when they do come to school they are not wasting their time on activities where their involvement is at best considered only as “second class” and that its no contribution to their chlid’s education but only waste of their precious time.

Peningkatan pelbagai latar belakang ibu bapa dan rasa pengasingan daripada kaki tangan sekolah menjadikan mereka kurang selesa untuk berhubung dengan pihak sekolah

Increased diversity among the parent population and sense of being different from school personnel may lessen parents’ comfort in seeking contact with school.

Especially parents who considered their presence is not appropriate for it might be construed as “checking up on teachers“ and they do not want to offend.

Ibu bapa tidak tahu apakah harapan sekolah terhadap mereka atau bagaimana mereka dapat menyumbang terhadap pendidikan anak mereka di sekolah.

Parents are confused and often do not know what is expected of them or how they might contribute to their child’s schooling.

Davies, 1988 and Epstein, 1990 concluded in their studies that parents of all background care about the education of their children but that parents often do not know or confused as to what is expected of them or how they might contribute and consequently some responded with anger and show frustration when school seems to be failing to meet the needs of their children and some responded by withdrawing

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